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Highly efficient electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 using nano-palladium
Release time:
14 May,2015
China Energy Storage Network News: Recently, researchers from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, including Gao Dunfeng, Wang Guoxiong, and Bao Xinhua, in collaboration with Professor Wang Jianguo from Zhejiang University of Technology, have made progress in the research of efficient electrocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide. They discovered that a nano-palladium electrode efficiently catalyzes the reduction of carbon dioxide to produce carbon monoxide, and its catalytic performance has a strong dependence on the size of the nanoparticles. The relevant results were published in the recently published Journal of the American Chemical Society (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2015, 137, 4288-4291).
In recent years, the annual increase in global carbon dioxide emissions has posed a serious threat to the ecological environment on which people depend. Therefore, the capture, storage, and conversion of carbon dioxide have received widespread attention from researchers. In terms of carbon dioxide conversion, the reduction of carbon dioxide using traditional chemical methods requires the simultaneous provision of energy and hydrogen. However, using electrocatalytic methods to reduce carbon dioxide, coupled with water electrolysis to obtain hydrogen from water, can directly obtain high-value chemicals and liquid fuels such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and methanol under relatively mild reaction conditions. At the same time, the process, combined with the utilization of renewable energy or surplus nuclear energy, achieves large-scale energy storage and shows extremely promising application prospects. It has currently become an important research hotspot in related fields.
Pd is a typical hydrogen evolution reaction catalyst, and CO on bulk Pd electrodes 2 has a high reduction overpotential, and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction results in low Faraday efficiency. The experimental research of this team found that, in the range of 2.4–10.3 nm, the CO of Pd nanoparticles 2 reduction selectivity and activity showed a significant size dependence. At −0.89 V (vs. RHE), the Faraday efficiency of CO generation increased from 5.8% on 10.3 nm Pd to 91.2% on 3.7 nm Pd, while the current density of CO generation increased by 18.4 times. Through density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the CO on three different reaction sites (planar, step, and corner sites) 2 reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction free energies were analyzed, and the relationship between reaction performance and particle size was established. The turnover frequency (TOF) for CO generation showed a volcano-shaped curve relationship with the particle size, indicating that the CO can be modulated by changing the size of the Pd nanoparticles. 2 adsorption, the formation of intermediate species COOH*, and the desorption of CO*, thus achieving the transformation of Pd nanoparticles from a hydrogen evolution catalyst to a highly efficient CO 2 reduction catalyst.
This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Ministry of Science and Technology.
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